Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) - Complete Notes

📜 Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) - Complete Notes

Time Period: 2500 BCE – 1750 BCE

Discovered by: Daya Ram Sahni in 1921 (Harappa)

Also Known As: Harappan Civilization

🌍 Important Sites and Features

Site	Location	Special Features
Harappa	Punjab, Pakistan	Granary, Cemetery H
Mohenjo-Daro	Sindh, Pakistan	Great Bath, Dancing Girl
Dholavira	Gujarat, India	Water Conservation System, Signboard
Lothal	Gujarat, India	Dockyard, Bead-making factory

🏺 Types of Pottery

Pottery Type	Features
Plain Pottery	Most common, used for daily needs
Painted Pottery	Decorated with red and black designs
Polished Pottery	Shiny surface, ceremonial use

🔍 Key Features

• Well-planned grid cities
• Advanced drainage systems
• Use of standardized weights and measures
• Absence of temples and palaces
• Indus script (still undeciphered)

📝 Practice MCQs

1. Which site is famous for the Great Bath?
   a) Lothal
   b) Dholavira
   c) Harappa
   d) Mohenjo-Daro
   Answer: d) Mohenjo-Daro


2. Which of the following was a port city?
   a) Harappa
   b) Kalibangan
   c) Lothal
   d) Rakhigarhi
   Answer: c) Lothal


3. The script of Indus Valley Civilization is:
   a) Deciphered
   b) Alphabetical
   c) Undeciphered
   d) Based on Sanskrit
   Answer: c) Undeciphered

These notes are optimized for competitive exams like UPSC, SSC, Banking, Railways, etc.