Supreme Court ka Landmark Order on Governors’ Powers - 8 April 2025
8 April 2025 ko Supreme Court ne ek bada faisla diya jo Governors ke powers ko clear kar deta hai jab baat state legislatures ke bills ko assent dene ki aati hai. Yeh case Tamil Nadu ke Governor RN Ravi aur wahan ki state government, jo MK Stalin ke DMK party chalati hai, ke beech ka tha. Governor ne 10 important bills ko rok rakha tha—kuch ko President ke paas bhej diya, kuch ko bas latka diya. State government boli, “Yeh kya bakwaas hai? Hamara kaam rok rahe ho!” Aur seedha Supreme Court chali gayi.
Supreme Court Ne Kya Kaha?
Justices JB Pardiwala aur R Mahadevan ki bench ne pura matter dekha aur bola:
1. Governor Ka Koi “Veto Power” Nahi
Article 200 ke under, Governor ke paas yeh nahi hai ki woh apni marzi se bill ko rok de ya naa bol de. Unke paas teen options hain: assent do, bill wapas bhejo suggestions ke saath, ya President ke paas reserve kar do. Lekin yeh “apni marzi” wala scene nahi chalega—Constitution ke rules follow karne padenge.
Council of Ministers Ki Suno: Jab tak Constitution specifically na bole (jaise High Court ke powers wale bills), Governor ko state ke Council of Ministers ki advice pe chalna hai (Article 163). Tamil Nadu ke Governor ne apne aap bills ko President ke paas bheja bina state government se poochhe—Court bola, “Yeh illegal hai, bhai!”
2. Time Limit Laga Diya
Governor log ab bills ko saalon tak latka nahi sakte. Court ne strict deadlines set kiye:
- Agar Ministers Ki Advice Pe: Agar Governor bill ko rokta hai aur President ke paas bhejta hai state cabinet ki advice ke saath, toh 1 mahine mein faisla karna padega.
- Bina Advice Ke: Agar Governor apne discretion mein kaam kar raha hai (jo rare cases mein allowed hai), toh 3 mahine mein decision dena hai.
- Reconsidered Bills: Agar state assembly bill ko wapas bhejne ke baad dobara pass karti hai, toh Governor ko 1 mahine ke andar assent dena hi padega. Nahi diya toh unconstitutional ho jayega.
3. Tamil Nadu Wala Matter
Illegal Move: Court ne kaha ki Governor Ravi ka 10 bills ko President ke paas bhejna ya rokna “illegal” aur “arbitrary” tha. Reason hi nahi tha solid—kuch bills toh aise bhi nahi the jo President ke paas jaane chahiye the.
Bahut Delay Kiya: Governor ne 6 mahine se lekar 2 saal tak bills ko roka. Court bola, “Yeh kya mazaak hai? Good faith mein kaam karo!”
Article 142 Ka Jadoo: Court ne apne special powers use kiye aur bola ki yeh 10 bills uss din se assent maane jayenge jab yeh dobara Governor ke paas gaye the. Matlab, Governor ki nak mein dum kar diya!
4. Bada Impact
Judicial Check: Agar Governor time pe kaam nahi karta ya rules todega, toh Court usko pakad sakta hai.
Federalism Ki Jeet: Yeh ruling bolti hai ki Governor Union ka banda hoke bhi state ke kaam mein roda nahi daal sakta. State ki elected government ka haq hai kaam karne ka.
Democracy First: Court ne kaha ki Governor ko state assembly ke democratic will ka respect karna padega—woh koi king nahi hai!
Yeh 10 Bills Kya The?
Pura list toh nahi diya gaya, lekin yeh important cheezon pe the jaise:
- Education mein changes (universities ke laws).
- Public health ke rules.
- State administration ke naye tareeke.
Inko Tamil Nadu Assembly ne dobara pass kiya tha jab Governor ne wapas bheja, lekin phir bhi woh assent nahi de raha tha.
Logon Ka Reaction
Tamil Nadu Government: CM MK Stalin bola, “Yeh historic jeet hai! Na sirf humare liye, balki pure India ke liye.” Woh khush the ki central interference kam hoga.
Experts: Law ke panditon ne kaha ki yeh ek solid precedent hai—ab Governors ko “Centre ke agent” banne ka chance kam milega.
Politics: Yeh ruling aisi states ke liye badi baat hai jo BJP ke against hain (jaise Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Punjab), jahan Governors aksar bills rok ke pareshan karte hain.
Constitution Ke Rules Jo Mention Hue
- Article 200: Governor ke bill wale powers yahan se aate hain.
- Article 163: Bolta hai ki Governor ko ministers ki sunni hai.
- Article 142: Court ko yeh power deta hai ki woh justice ke liye kuch bhi order de sake.
- Article 356: Yeh emergency wala rule hai, lekin is case mein use nahi hua.
Final Baat
Yeh 8 April 2025 ka faisla ek game-changer hai. Governors ab bills ko apni jeb mein nahi rakh sakte—time pe kaam karna padega, nahi toh Court unki lagegi. Tamil Nadu ke liye 2 saal ka jhanjhat khatam hua, aur pure desh ke liye yeh federalism aur democracy ki badi win hai. Ab state governments bol sakti hain, “Hamara bill, hamari marzi—Governor bhai, jaldi assent do!”