Here is a complete, detailed, and exam-ready answer to your B.Ed. 1st Year 2022 question, in a notebook-style handwritten format:
✅ Q7. The Kothari Commission was the first commission for the national system of education. Discuss its main recommendations for restructuring of Indian education system.
(16 Marks – Unit III)
✳️ Introduction:
The Kothari Commission (1964–66), officially known as the Education Commission, was the first national-level commission formed to propose a comprehensive framework for Indian education.
It was chaired by Dr. D.S. Kothari, then Chairman of the UGC.
The Commission emphasized the idea that “the destiny of India is being shaped in her classrooms.”
🎯 Objectives of Kothari Commission:
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To propose a uniform and national system of education
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To link education with productivity, social integration, and national development
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To focus on equality and quality in education
📌 Main Recommendations for Restructuring Indian Education:
1. 📚 10+2+3 Structure of Education:
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Introduced a common structure:
➤ 10 years of general education
➤ 2 years of higher secondary
➤ 3 years of graduation
✅ This structure was later adopted nationwide.
2. 🏫 Common School System (CSS):
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Proposed to eliminate inequality by establishing schools that admit students from all backgrounds without discrimination.
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Promoted the idea of neighbourhood schools.
3. 🎓 Curriculum Reforms:
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Emphasis on science education, moral education, work experience, and social service
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Introduction of work-experience and value-based education at all levels
4. 🧑🏫 Teacher Education and Status:
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Improved training, service conditions, and salaries of teachers
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Emphasized continuous in-service training
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Suggested establishing Teacher Education Institutes
5. 🛠️ Vocationalisation of Education:
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Suggested vocational courses after Class 10 to reduce pressure on higher education
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Aimed to link education with employability
6. 📖 Three Language Formula:
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Mother tongue/regional language
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Hindi
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English
➡️ To promote national unity and multilingual proficiency
7. 📊 Examination Reform:
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Recommended reducing stress and rote learning
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Emphasis on internal assessment, regular tests, and comprehensive evaluation
8. ♿ Equal Opportunities in Education:
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Special attention to girls, SC/STs, and economically weaker sections
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Suggested scholarships, mid-day meals, and free textbooks
9. 🧪 Science and Mathematics Education:
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Promoted compulsory science and mathematics education
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Encouraged development of a scientific temper
10. 🧑🎓 University Autonomy & Quality Improvement:
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Universities should be autonomous, focused on research and innovation
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Suggested creation of UGC and educational television programs
📝 Conclusion:
The Kothari Commission laid the foundation for a modern, equitable, and national system of education.
Its recommendations significantly influenced the National Policy on Education 1986 and remain relevant even today.
✅ It was the first holistic vision for restructuring Indian education with the motto:
“Education and National Development.”
Would you like the next Unit IV answer (e.g., role of education in equality or national integration)?