Perfect! Let's now continue with the next long answer from UNIT-I, Question 3:
✅ UNIT – I
Q3. What is pragmatism? Discuss its utility for the changed modern Indian society.
Answer:
Meaning of Pragmatism:
Pragmatism is an educational philosophy which believes that truth is not absolute but changes with time, experience, and situation. It focuses on practical outcomes, problem-solving, and learning by doing.
The word ‘Pragmatism’ is derived from the Greek word "pragma", which means action or practice.
Main supporters of Pragmatism:
-
John Dewey
-
William James
-
Charles Sanders Peirce
Key Features of Pragmatism in Education:
-
Experience-Based Learning – Learning must arise from real-life experiences.
-
Flexibility in Curriculum – No rigid curriculum; learning should be based on interests and societal needs.
-
Democratic Environment – Schools should follow democratic values.
-
Problem-Solving Approach – Encourages critical thinking and decision-making.
-
Teacher as a Guide – The teacher is not a dictator but a facilitator.
Utility of Pragmatism in Modern Indian Society:
-
Promotes Skill-Based Education
Pragmatism supports vocational and skill-based education which is essential for employment in modern India. -
Relevance to Life
It links education with real-life problems and prepares students to deal with everyday challenges. -
Supports Democratic Values
In a democratic country like India, pragmatism helps in promoting freedom, equality, and cooperation. -
Encourages Scientific Thinking
Pragmatism develops a rational and scientific attitude which is necessary in the age of technology and development. -
Useful in NEP 2020 Framework
Pragmatism supports flexibility, multidisciplinary learning, and experiential education—all of which are emphasized in the New Education Policy (NEP) 2020. -
Adaptability in Changing Society
Indian society is rapidly evolving in terms of economy, culture, and technology. Pragmatic education equips learners to adapt to change and become responsible citizens.
Conclusion:
Pragmatism is a dynamic and practical educational philosophy that emphasizes learning by doing. In the context of a transforming Indian society, pragmatism is highly useful in creating individuals who are self-reliant, socially responsible, and future-ready.
Next: Would you like me to continue with UNIT-II, Question 4 on Constitutional provisions for education?